Animal ultrasound machine is used to detect pregnancy in cows. In modern dairy farms, it is very important to determine the male and female calves. animal ultrasound examination is performed between 70 and 120 days of pregnancy in cows, which is now known as fetal late stage male and female determination. The purpose of this article is not only to explore how to use ultrasound examination for fetal paternity testing, but also to explore why ultrasound examination is such a valuable tool.

Early pregnancy detection using animal B-ultrasound machine

As mentioned above, early testing of male and female calves is performed by determining the location of reproductive nodules. It was originally located between the hind limbs of the calf, but after 50 days of pregnancy in the cow, it began to migrate towards the navel of the calf and the tail root of the heifer.

Early testing of male and female calves is usually conducted between 55 and 65 days of pregnancy in cows. On the 55th day, the reproductive nodule was located in the middle position between its initial and final positions, but by the 60th day, it had reached its final position, located at the tail of the navel in bulls and directly below the tail in heifers.

B-ultrasound images of male and female calves

Ultrasound detection of male and female calves in late pregnancy of cows

Although early calf decisions are usually preferred, late calf decisions may be useful if the time window for early calf decisions has passed. Late stage determination of male and female calves is performed by observing the scrotum of a young bull or the breasts of a young cow.

Late stage testing of male and female calves is usually conducted between 80 and 100 days of pregnancy. The scrotum can be seen in cross-section between the hind limbs of a young bull, but care must be taken not to confuse it with the umbilical cord, which should be treated as a separate structure to prevent confusion.

The mammary papilla can be seen on the frontal plane of the groin area of a heifer and appears as four square arranged hyperechoic points. In order to conduct late stage testing of male and female calves, the fetus should first be observed in transverse section to check for the presence of scrotum, and then examined in anterior section for the presence of mammary papillae. The identification of mammary papilla may be difficult, so it is more reliable to determine the location of genital nodules when identifying heifers. Figure 5 summarizes the stages during which calf male and female measurements can be performed in early and late pregnancy. After the 100th day of pregnancy, it is difficult to determine the gender of the fetus because the fetus is located deep in the abdominal cavity and its larger size makes it difficult to obtain the required slices.