Uterine diseases are characterized by infertility in cows, mainly endometritis and uterine pyometra. Endometritis is caused by artificial insemination without aseptic operation, vaginal examination or poor disinfection during delivery and midwifery, which brings pathogenic microorganisms into the uterus. These problems can also be well checked on cattle B-ultrasound; or due to dystocia, retained placenta, uterine prolapse and incomplete uterine involution; it is also often the result of vaginitis and cervicitis, so when cows are infertile, cattle B-ultrasound should be used for examination frequently.

There are various types of cow uterine inflammation with different degrees of severity. During mild endometritis, cows still have estrus cycles. Although they can ovulate normally or be fertilized after mating, the embryo is not easy to implant and develop. Mild endometritis should also be taken seriously if it is detected on cattle B-ultrasound. Chronic endometritis is often the result of delayed treatment of mild inflammation. In this type of sick cow, the uterine mucosal lesions are serious, and the uterine secretions are full of pus and blood, which becomes purulent inflammation. When the inflammation is serious, the thickening of the cervical canal mucosa and the close proximity of the canal walls can be seen on the cow B-ultrasound, forming a blockage of the canal neck. The thick secretions cannot be discharged and are mostly retained in the uterus, eventually turning into uterine pyometra.

For cows with endometritis and uterine pyometra, in addition to thoroughly flushing the uterus and removing purulent secretions and pathogenic microorganisms, antibiotics should be used to eliminate inflammation, and then prostaglandins should be used for treatment. After treatment, a comprehensive examination should be performed using cow B-ultrasound. It can achieve the purpose of restoring the normal estrus cycle of cows and normal fertilization and pregnancy after mating.